Hamburg, Germany
Hamburg, city and*Land*(state), located on the*Elbe River*in northern*Germany. It is the country’s largest port and commercial centre.
The Free and Hanseatic City (Freie und Hansestadt) of Hamburg is the second smallest of the 16*Länder*of Germany, with a territory of only 292 square miles (755 square km). It is also the most populous city in Germany after*Berlin*and has one of the largest and busiest ports in*Europe. The official name, which covers both the*Land*and the town, reflects Hamburg’s long tradition of particularism and self-government.
The city layout
The nucleus of the city is the*Altstadt (Old Town), the former medieval settlement, bounded by the harbour and by a string of roads that follow the line of the old fortifications. Within this core there are few great buildings to remind the visitor of the city’s thousand-year history apart from the five principal churches—Sankt Jacobi, Sankt Petri, Sankt Katharinen, Sankt Nikolai, and Sankt Michaelis—and none of these is in its original condition. Fire has destroyed almost all the older residences and warehouses, and what was left untouched by*conflagration*has often been rebuilt for contemporary purposes
Tourism
In 2017, more than 6,783,000*visitors with 13,822,000*overnight stays visited the city.*The tourism sector employs more than 175,000 people full-time and brings in*revenue*of almost €9 billion, making the tourism industry a major economic force in the Hamburg Metropolitan Region. Hamburg has one of the fastest-growing tourism industries in Germany.
Museums
Hamburg has several large museums and galleries showing classical and contemporary art, for example the*Kunsthalle Hamburg*with its contemporary art gallery (Galerie der Gegenwart), the Museum for Art and Industry (Museum für Kunst und Gewerbe) and the*Deichtorhallen/House of Photography. The*Internationales Maritimes Museum Hamburg*opened in the HafenCity quarter in 2008. There are various specialised museums in Hamburg, such as the Archaeological Museum Hamburg (Archäologisches Museum Hamburg) in*Hamburg-Harburg, the*Hamburg Museum of Work*(Museum der Arbeit), and several museums of local history, for example the Kiekeberg Open Air Museum (Freilichtmuseum am*Kiekeberg). Two*museum ships*near Landungsbrücken bear witness to the freight ship (Cap San Diego) and cargo sailing ship era (Rickmer Rickmers).