A Review on Deutsche Bank

Deutsche Bank


Deutsche Bank is a multinational investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Germany, and dual-listed in New York Stock Exchange and Frankfurt Stock Exchange.

The bank's network spans 58 countries with a large presence in Europe, the Americas and Asia.As of 2017–2018, Deutsche Bank was the 17th largest bank in the world by total assets.As the largest German banking institution, it is a component of the DAX stock market index.

The company is a universal bank with three major divisions: the Private & Commercial Bank, the Corporate & Investment Bank (CIB), and Asset Management (DWS). Its investment banking operations often command substantial deal flow.
History:

1870–1919

Deutsche Bank was founded in Berlin in 1870 as a specialist bank for financing foreign trade and promoting German exports. It subsequently played a large part in developing Germany's industry, as its business model focused on providing finance to industrial customers. The bank's statute was adopted on 22 January 1870, and on 10 March 1870 the Prussian government granted it a banking licence. The statute laid great stress on foreign business:
The object of the company is to transact banking business of all kinds, in particular, to promote and facilitate trade relations between Germany, other European countries and overseas markets.

Three of the founders were Georg Siemens, whose father's cousin had founded Siemens and Halske; Adelbert Delbrück and Ludwig Bamberger. Prior to the founding of Deutsche Bank, German importers and exporters were dependent upon British and French banking institutions in the world markets—a serious handicap in that German bills were almost unknown in international commerce, generally disliked and subject to a higher rate of a discount than English or French bills.

Silk Bank

Introduction :-

On September 15, 2001, under the supervision of the State Bank of Pakistan (SBP), the institution then known as the Prudential Bank was acquired by the management and associates of the Saudi Pak Industrial and Agricultural Investment Company (Pvt) Ltd (SAPICO).
On March 31, 2008, a Consortium comprising of IFC, Bank Muscat, Nomura International and Sinthos Capital led by senior bankers Mr. Shaukat Tarin and Mr. Sadeq Sayeed acquired 86.55% stake in Silkbank for around $213 million or $0.47 per share (PKR 29.3 equivalent per share). Under the new leadership, the Bank will continue to focus on SME & Consumer financing resulting in efforts of increased profitability.

Mission

To be the leader in premier banking, trusted by customers for accessibility, service & innovation; be an employer of choice creating value for all stakeholder.

Values
Silkbank prides itself in being a conscientious and responsible corporate citizen with a commitment to the development of Pakistan. At Silkbank our employees are encouraged to give back to society and we have made concerted efforts towards the development of healthcare, education and constructive, character building sports activities in the underdeveloped segments of our country.

Core values

Customer Focus
Integrity
Teamwork
Creativity
Meritocracy
Humility

Everyone wants something easy and practical. So that there are many new findings that can make it easier for all of us, one of the examples is the existence of banks. Having a bank certainly makes it easier for us to make financial transactions, such as saving money. Saving or saving money at home, of course, there are some risks that will be experienced, such as when a fire occurs, when you don't have time to save all the money you have, the money will burn out, not to mention if there are robbers and so on. By saving in the bank, your money will remain safe from this risk, you can use it whenever or want to save it until you really need it.

When you have a savings account, you can save it at any time through a bank teller or non-cash ATM. In addition, you can take the money at any time by using an ATM card when you need it. If you want to buy goods or send money, you can easily transfer them anytime, anywhere. The money saved can be increased according to the provisions of each bank. If you save at a Conventional Bank you will receive interest according to the prevailing interest rate and your savings balance, if you save at a Sharia bank you will receive profit sharing at the agreed ratio. Of course, if the more balance you have in your savings, the more benefits you will get.

Banks are financial institutions whose roles are irreplaceable in everyday life and state life. We have never been separated from making transactions with banks, whether it is for sending funds, making payments, or applying for loans. Even though the bank is very close to us, many do not understand how the real bank works. Banks hold a lot of money that may be countless. However, the money is not their money or profit that can be used by the bank

Banks may be engaged in customer service and prioritize customer satisfaction more than anything else. But one thing to remember is, the bank is still a company so profit should be one of the main goals for them. A bank cannot make a profit without customers entrusting their money to the bank. Whether it's in the form of savings, deposits, or loans, banks need “start-up capital” so they can make their own profit. The various kinds of transactions that you make at the bank, such as opening a new account, managing a debit card, making a credit card, and applying for a business loan are ways for banks to make a profit.

Bank customers use the bank to deposit their money, for business reasons or for security reasons only. Then the bank provides an additional bonus on customer deposits in the form of interest on deposits. Then the funds that have been collected are used to provide loans to other customers, who are burdened with loan interest in addition to the loan principal. Usually the loan interest is greater than the interest on the deposit so that you get a profit. In fact, this is the main income (source of profit) of the bank

Banks are basically business entities whose job is to make profits. So if in the past the bank was able to make a profit during their operational period (from when the counter was open to the counter closed), now the bank can make a profit every time.

Customers applying for a loan from a bank are required to provide collateral as collateral for the loan. Usually the collateral value is always greater than the loan value. If the customer experiences payment congestion (bad credit), the collateral is confiscated by the bank to cover the bad loan. The bank can sell it (auction) or rent it out.

Arab Banking Corporation

INTRODUCTION:

Arab Banking Corporation (also called Bank ABC) is an international bank with headquarters in the Diplomatic Area of Manama, in Bahrain. It was incorporated as a joint stock company in 1980 through a special decree by the Amir of Bahrain. It obtained an offshore banking unit licence from the Bahrain Monetary Agency on 7 April 1980, and began operations in the same month. The bank is listed on the Bahrain Bourse and its major shareholders are the Central Bank of Libya (59.37%) and Kuwait Investment Authority (40.63%). Its network spreads across 17 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe, the Americas and Asia. It is expanding its retail banking network in the MENA region.

Bank ABC is a provider of trade finance, treasury, project and structured finance, syndications, corporate and institutional banking as well as Islamic banking services.

HISTORY:

By April 1981, US$750 million had been fully paid by Bank ABC’s original three shareholders: the Ministry of Finance of Kuwait (whose shares have since been transferred to the Kuwait Investment Authority), the Libyan Secretariat of Treasury (whose shares were later transferred to the Central Bank of Libya) and the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority. At the end of 1989, ABC’s authorised share capital was increased to US$1.50 Billion and in June 1990, paid-up capital was raised to US$1.00 Billion through an international share offering. In June 2006, ABC’s shares were split 10 for 1 in order to boost trading activities by placing them in the same range as other shares quoted on the Bahrain Bourse.

At an Extraordinary General Meeting held in April 2008 ABC’s shareholders approved an increase in the authorized capital of the bank from US$1.5 billion to US$2.5 billion and an increase in issued and paid up capital from US$1.0 billion to US$2.0 billion by way of a priority rights share offering to existing shareholders. Another Extraordinary General Meeting was held on January 28, 2010 to approve an increase in the authorized capital from US$2.5 billion to US$3.5 billion and an increase in issued and paid up capital from US$2.0 billion to US$3.11 billion by way of a priority rights share offering to existing shareholders.

In December 2010 the Central Bank of Libya acquired the 17.72% shareholding of Abu Dhabi Investment Authority in ABC, increasing its stake to 59.37%.

In June 2015 Arab Banking Corporation revamped its corporate identity and changed its brand name to Bank ABC. The bank’s new identity launch coincides with the commemoration of its 35th anniversary. The change to a single, unifying global brand name and corporate identity toke effect on 15 June 2015 across the Bank’s global network spanning 18 countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA), Europe, the Americas and Asia (with the exception of its subsidiary in Brazil, which will keep its own identity as Banco ABC Brasil). The legal names of the Arab Banking Corporation and its subsidiaries did not change.

Bank of England

The Bank of England is the central bank of the United Kingdom and the model on which most modern central banks have been based. Established in 1694 to act as the English Government's banker, and still one of the bankers for the Government of the United Kingdom, it is the world's eighth-oldest bank. It was privately owned by stockholders from its foundation in 1694 until it was nationalised in 1946.

The Bank became an independent public organisation in 1998, wholly owned by the Treasury Solicitor on behalf of the government,but with independence in setting monetary policy.
The Bank is one of eight banks authorised to issue banknotes in the United Kingdom, has a monopoly on the issue of banknotes in England and Wales and regulates the issue of banknotes by commercial banks in Scotland and Northern Ireland.

The Bank's Monetary Policy Committee has a devolved responsibility for managing monetary policy. The Treasury has reserve powers to give orders to the committee "if they are required in the public interest and by extreme economic circumstances", but such orders must be endorsed by Parliament within 28 days. The Bank's Financial Policy Committee held its first meeting in June 2011 as a macroprudential regulator to oversee regulation of the UK's financial sector.

The Bank's headquarters have been in London's main financial district, the City of London, on Threadneedle Street, since 1734. It is sometimes known as The Old Lady of Threadneedle Street, a name taken from a satirical cartoon by James Gillray in 1797.The road junction outside is known as Bank junction.
As a regulator and central bank, the Bank of England has not offered consumer banking services for many years, but it still does manage some public-facing services such as exchanging superseded bank notes.Until 2016, the bank provided personal banking services as a privilege for employees

Deutsche Bank AG is out.

Bloomberg News reported the Frankfurt, Germany-based global investment bank and financial services company is no longer interested in buying Wirecard AG’s banking unit because it is too expensive, according to a source.

Jammu and Kashmir (union territory)

Jammu and Kashmir[b] is a region administered by India as a union territory, and constituting the southern portion of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of a dispute between India and Pakistan since 1947, and between India and China since 1962.The region of Jammu and Kashmir is separated by the Line of Control from the Pakistani-administered territories of Azad Kashmir and Gilgit-Baltistan in the west and north respectively. It lies to the north of the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab and to the west of Ladakh, which is also subject to the dispute as a part of Kashmir, and administered by India as a union territory.
Provisions for the formation of the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir were contained within the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019, which was passed by both houses of the Parliament of India in August 2019. The act re-constituted the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir as two union territories, 'Jammu and Kashmir' and 'Ladakh', with effect from 31 October 2019.

History:

Jammu and Kashmir is named after the two regions it encompasses – the Jammu region and the Kashmir Valley.
The Government of Pakistan and Pakistani sources refer to Jammu and Kashmir as a part of "Indian-occupied Kashmir" ("IOK") or "Indian-held Kashmir" (IHK);The Government of India and Indian sources in turn, call the territory under Pakistan control "Pakistan-occupied Kashmir" ("POK") or "Pakistan-held Kashmir" ("PHK"). "Indian-administered Kashmir" and "Indian-controlled Kashmir" are often used by neutral sources.

Central Bank of Iran

The Central Bank of Iran (CBI), also known as Bank Markazi, officially the Central Bank of the Islamic Republic of Iran is the central bank of Iran.
Established under the Iranian Banking and Monetary Act in 1960, it serves as the banker to the Iranian government and has the exclusive right of issuing banknote and coinage. CBI is tasked with maintaining the value of Iranian rial and supervision of banks and credit institutions. It acts as custodian of the National Jewels, as well as foreign exchange and gold reserves of Iran.It is also a founding member of the Asian Clearing Union, controls gold and capital flows overseas, represents Iran in the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and internationally concludes payment agreements between Iran and other countries.

History:

The first attempt at introducing paper currency in Iran occurred during the Mongol Ilkhanate of the 13th century CE. The innovation, developed in Song Dynasty China, did not take hold in Iran, and paper currency did not return to Iran in any significant manner for several centuries.
Imperial Bank of Persia, Tehran, 1902
In 1889, the British-owned Imperial Bank of Persia (Bānk-e Šāhī) was founded and it was given the exclusive right to issue bank notes in Iran. In 1890 it introduced the first bank notes in Iran, ranging from 1 to 1,000 tomans.The bank did not do much to strengthen the Iranian capital formation or support then-currency of Iran, qiran.